Frequently Asked Questions About Federal Criminal Defense
What is the difference between a federal charge and a state charge?
State charges are prosecuted by county or district attorneys under state law. Federal charges are brought by the United States Attorney's Office under federal law, typically after investigation by a federal agency. Federal cases are heard in federal district court, follow federal rules of procedure, and are sentenced under the Federal Sentencing Guidelines rather than state sentencing ranges.Is federal sentencing harsher than state sentencing?
In most cases, yes. Federal sentencing is governed by the Federal Sentencing Guidelines, which calculate a recommended sentence based on the offense level and the defendant's criminal history. Many federal offenses also carry mandatory minimum sentences that a judge cannot go below, regardless of circumstances. The guidelines significantly reduce the discretion that exists in state court proceedings.Can I get bond in a federal case?
Bond is possible in federal cases, but it is not automatic. Federal law presumes detention for certain offenses — including drug trafficking charges above a threshold quantity and crimes of violence. A detention hearing is held before a magistrate judge, and the government often argues for pretrial detention. Having an experienced attorney present at that hearing, prepared to argue for release, makes a meaningful difference in the outcome.What is a grand jury subpoena and do I have to comply?
A grand jury subpoena is a legally binding order requiring you to appear before a federal grand jury to provide testimony, documents, or both. You generally must comply, but you retain constitutional rights — including the right against self-incrimination. An attorney can help you understand what you are required to produce, what privileges may apply, and how to respond without inadvertently waiving your rights.What does it mean to be a target of a federal investigation versus a witness?
Federal prosecutors typically categorize individuals in an investigation as targets, subjects, or witnesses. A target is someone prosecutors believe committed a crime. A subject is someone whose conduct is within the scope of the investigation. A witness is someone with relevant information but not under suspicion. These categories can shift as an investigation develops, and receiving a target letter means you have moved to the most serious category. Contact an attorney immediately if you have been told you are a target.
Start Your Federal Defense With an Attorney Who Knows This Court
Federal charges require a defense built by someone who understands federal procedure, federal sentencing, and the specific patterns of prosecution in the Southern District of Texas. I have 14 years of experience, a formal panel appointment in this court, and a direct approach — I will tell you what your case actually looks like, not what you want to hear. If you are facing federal charges in Corpus Christi or anywhere in the Southern District, contact my office today.

